With reference to the provisions of Article 7 of the Federal Decree Law No. 49 of 2022 on Human Resources of the Federal Government:Job appointments in federal entities shall be subject to the following: 

• Issuance of a federal decree based on the Council of Ministers’ approval, for positions at the grade of undersecretary, director general, etc .
• Issuance of a resolution by the Council of Ministers, for positions at the grade of assistant undersecretary, executive director, etc . 
• Issuance of a decision by the head of the federal entity or whomever is delegated thereby for the rest of the other jobs and grade.

Pursuant to Article (1) of Federal Decree-Law No. (49) of 2022 regarding Human Resources in the Federal Government the Chairman of the Federal Entity has been defined as follows: The Minister, Chairman of the Board, the Entity Chairman or equivalent, as appropriate.

Yes, the new law obliged the entities excluded from the application of its provisions to provide real-time data for the Human Resources working for them, including wages and salaries, and all procedures related to Human Resources through linking with the electronic systems approved by the Authority.

The Authority authorized to issue the Exclusion Decision is the Honorable Council of Ministers.

The patterns are as follows: full time - part time - temporary work - flexible work.

In addition to giving flexibility to the government in creating other patterns and types of work as required by the interest of its work.

The Law indicated that more than one type of employment may be combined according to the mechanisms specified by the Executive Regulations of the Law.

It means to work for a federal entity for a specific number of hours or days set for work, whether from the workplace or remotely or through a hybrid work mode, based on the employment contract, or what is agreed upon between the federal entity and the employee.

Yes, the Law allows the employee to be delegated to the private sector in accordance with the controls specified by the Executive Regulations.

Yes, the duration of breastfeeding was increased to (6) six months from the date of the child birth, instead of four months from the date of the child birth.

Yes, its duration has been increased. The period of parental leave has become five working days with a full-paid salary, whether (the father or mother) is entitled thereto continuously or intermittently, to take care of the child within (6) six months from the date of the child’s birth.

The Human Resources Department in the federal entities is now directly assuming this role.

The penalty for downgrading an employee's grade was revoked.

The Executive Regulations of this Decree-Law specifies the provisions for each type of employment contained in the law, the conditions for appointment thereto, the types of contracts for each of them, their forms, their duration, and any other aspects related to employment in the federal government, including experts and consultants.

End-of-service benefits of the Emirati employee are calculated upon termination of his service (whether by resignation or retirement) in accordance with the provisions of Federal Law No. (7) of 1999 issuing the Pensions and Social Security Law, and the amendments thereto.

Yes, the flexible work system applies to employees with a full-time contract. The executive regulations of this Decree-Law specifies the provisions for each type of employment contained in this article, the conditions for appointment thereto, the types of contracts related to each of them, their forms, their durations, and any other aspects related to employment in the federal government, as well as any cases in which more than one type of employment may be combined with more than one employer, and its controls are verified in this regard.

Kindly note that the performance management system for federal government employees issued pursuant to Cabinet Resolution No. (35) of 2022 shall be in effect until a new system is issued.

The Federal Authority for Government Human Resources shall issue a special system that includes all conditions and controls related to remote work from outside the country.

The annual leave periods prescribed for the employee is maintained, and there are no amendments thereto.

Best practices were applied in the field of dealing with functional violations, as the violations committee was abolished, and its role was assigned to the Human Resources Department in order to simplify procedures and speed up their implementation.

There is no change in the promotions system. The employee may be promoted as a job or financial promotion, and the executive regulations of this Decree-Law specify the types of promotions, their conditions and controls, the financial or functional impact resulting therefrom, and all the provisions related thereto.

The end-of-service benefits for non-national employees who are continuing their work is calculated in accordance with the previous regulations in force in the federal entity, until the day preceding the date of entry into force of this Decree-Law, provided that such benefit is calculated in accordance with Article (41) of this Decree-Law from the date of its enforcement.

Kindly note that the Pensions and Social Security Authority is the competent authority in this regard.

Employees who obtain professional certificates shall have the priority in promotion and appointment, and shall obtain all privileges related to the jobs they are appointed to.

Yes, the head of the federal entity or his authorized representative may grant an Emirati employee registered in any of the remote learning programs inside or outside the country a study leave, bearing in mind that the executive regulations of this Decree-Law shall specify the terms, conditions and controls for granting study leave.

The changes contained in the administrative penalties that may be imposed on the employee include the following:

1. Cancellation of the item related to downgrading the employee’s grade by one degree and all the advantages that the grade gives.

2. Adding an item regarding suspension from work without a gross salary for a period of not less than one month and not more than (3) months.

3. Cancellation of the phrase (or depriving the employee of the end-of-service benefits up to a quarter as a maximum) in the clause relating to dismissal from service, while preserving the employee's right to a retirement pension or end-of-service benefits.

The reasons are present in the previous law in separate ways, but the legislator limited them to an explicit text and included them in the terms of termination of service, and the reasons are:

1. Failure to pass the probationary period successfully.

2. Conviction of a felony or misdemeanor violating honor, honesty or morals.

3. Sentencing to imprisonment for a period exceeding (3) months for any felony or misdemeanor.

4. Referral to retirement before reaching the legal age.

Based on the above, in the event that the employer desires to promote the Assistant Undersecretary for an exceptional financial promotion after fulfilling its conditions, a decision shall be issued by the head of the authority.

According to the full-time pattern, the full-time employee shall be entitled to annual leave with a total salary as follows:

1. Thirty (30) working days for the employees of the special grade (B) or above.

2. Twenty-two (22) working days for the remaining jobs.

Vacancies in the Federal Government are filled according to one of the following types of contracts:

1. Full-time.
2. Part-time.
3. Temporary work.
4. Flexible Work.

The schedule of working time violations shall be implemented in terms of violation type, and frequency with or without excuse. In addition, the days of absence from work shall be calculated on the working days and the weekend/s or the official vacations shall not be considered a part of it.

The cash allowance for annual leave, at the termination of the employee, is calculated upon the final basic salary, according to the following:

Basic salary × number of leave balance days × 12 month / 240 Days

An employee may be granted short-term study permission for two hours every day to attend classes at any accredited educational program until the program is completed. No authorization shall be granted if the official working hours do not conflict with the dates of classes, Article No. (90)

The employees’ improvement plan is developed to address employees’ under performance for a period of 3 months, following which they are re-evaluated. If their performance improves, new goals will be set for them. Otherwise, the period will be extended to additional three months and their performance will be continuously monitored by their line manager during the stipulated period. In the event that the performance of an employee does not show any improvement, after the expiry of that period, the service of the employee concerned may be terminated due to his/her incompetence in accordance with the provisions of the Law and its Implementing Regulations.

If the employee refuses to sign the improvement plan that has been drawn up to improve his/her performance, the employee will be duly notified via any means available (email, fax, etc.), while taking into consideration as an important element in the appraisal (in terms of competencies) that he/she refused to sign. The employee may be referred to the Violations Committee, if necessary.

In case the performance of the employee does not show any improvement after the end of the two periods mentioned hereinabove, the employee may be terminated due to his/her incompetence in accordance with the provisions of the Law and its Implementing Regulations.

The year: The calendar year of twelve months.

The month is unit of time amounting to 30 days.

Today is any day in which normal business is conducted in Federal ministries and authorities and was determined with seven hours a day or 36 hours a week.

1- Study or scholarship leave.

2- Duration of employee`s absence from work (unpaid leave).

3- Employee’s imprisonment pursuant to a court ruling issued against him in cases that does not legally justify termination of service.

4- Employee’s service during probation period, if such period expires with the employee terminated for incompetence.

If the situation of  the employee is changed in the event of transfer, secondment, or loan then he/she is obligated to go over and review his/her goals with the direct manager. In the event of a promotion or a change in job responsibilities, if the change occurs prior or within the first three months of the assessment year, then he will be evaluated for the new job and by the new direct manager. If the change occurs subsequent to the first three months, so the employee shall be evaluated for his previous and current performance by his/her previous and current direct manager.

According to the provisions of Article (36) of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government and its amendments, the transferred employee shall retain his entitlements and annual leave balances due to him by the employer from which he was transferred.

If an employee falls sick during his annual leave, so according to the provision of the Article (70/7/8):

He shall not be entitled to claim right in the sick leave period if it was during the annual leave.

If the sick leave of an employee issued during his annual leave extends after the end of the leave, the remaining days of the sick leave shall then be calculated from the day on which the employee is expected to commence work after the end of the annual leave.

In accordance with the provisions of Article (39) of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government and its amendments regarding the provisions of a secondment allowance, the seconded employee shall be entitled to a secondment allowance from the secondment entity as of the date he commences work, at a rate of 25% of the initial rate of basic salary of the post he is seconded to, provided that:

1- Secondment is in addition to the current job duties.

2- The secondment period shall exceed two months.

First-degree relatives are (father / mother / son / daughter / wife) and the second-degree relatives (grandfather / grandmother / brothers and sisters / grandchildren) and the degree of the kinship of one of the spouses is the same degree of the other spouse

In accordance with the provisions of Article (81) of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law, the national employee who is enrolled in any program, whether inside or outside the country, may be granted a leave with a gross salary for the performance of the quarterly and annual examinations and the discussion of graduate studies theses, provided that the period shall be determined on the basis of the approved examination program.

According to the Article (87/5) of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law, the employee shall be obligated to serve the Federal authority, which delegated him, for a period equal to the duration of the academic leave. The period referred may be spent in a Federal or local government entity with the approval of the Chairman of the Federal authority or his authorized representative. In case of the violation of this obligation, the employee shall refund all expenses and financial allocations made to him during the course of the academic leave, and in accordance with the provisions of the School Scholarships and Grants Law, including the salaries received from the entity where he works.

An employee appointed in a permanent position shall be entitled to annual leave (working days), its duration shall vary according to his job category and after being approved by the line manager. The annual leave shall not include the following:

Weekends (Friday / Saturday)

Official holidays determined by a Cabinet resolution.

In accordance with Article 36/11 of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government, any employee may be transferred within the Federal Authority because of the requirements of the business interests. Accordingly, the Employee shall not hesitate to implement the decision of transfer and perform the work entrusted to him if it is in the frame of the public interest for the purpose of continuity of the public service.

The employee may be promoted after two years from the date of exceptional promotion and in accordance with the provisions and controls related to promotion stipulated in Chapter 6 of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law and in accordance with the Performance Management System for Federal Government Employees.

According to the provision of Article (74) of the Executive Regulation of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government, the employee is granted a sick leave if his health prevented him from doing his job or for preventing any health risks affecting him or the others based on a medical report from a certified medical authority.

Therefore, the appointment form is not included in the scope of application of the terms and conditions of the sick leave, so the check for treatment at the same day shall be deemed a permission request or a leave request and calculated within the leave balance in coordination with the line manager and obtaining his approval in the light of what is required by the business interest.

As long as the employee evaluation period for the employee enrolled in the civil service takes the most of the year (whereas the national service is one year), his performance shall be evaluated within a level meets the expectations according to performance management system for Federal Government employees.

Article 28 of the Federal Law No. 6 of 2014 on the National Military Service and Reserve Force stipulates that the employee shall be paid by the employer, for the duration of his performance for the national service or the period of the call-ups, his salary, increments, allowances, promotions and salary and additions increases as if he is actually carrying out his work. The duration of his service in his work or job shall be deemed continuous. The duration of national service and call-ups shall be calculated within the specified period for purposes of remuneration or pension and other rights and privileges resulted from the job.

The legislator stated how the employee be compensated for official tasks that assigned within his work entity during weekends or official holidays, not including official missions outside the country since the employee gets specific financial allowances against the official missions outside the country.

If the employee submits a request for resignation from the Federal entity where he works, six months before the last training course or program, and the resignation is approved, he shall return the costs, fees and expenses of the training program that was paid to him and the Federal authority is entitled to deduct those expenses from his salary.

The origin is that the employee's service shall be end at the age of retirement according to the applicable laws in this regard unless his service is extended by the competent Minister or whoever he may authorize, provided that he is physically fit for work and the period shall be determined by the competent authority.

The employee (the companion) shall submit the leave request to his employer accompanied with the medical report of the official medical entity explaining the need to accompany the patient and stating that the treatment was determined to be out of the country, regardless the patient will pay the expenses at his own expense or at the expense of any other entity.

The secondment of the employee may be to another job besides his original function or as a sabbatical, whether inside and outside the entity. The seconded employee shall be entitled to secondment entitlements if the secondment was in addition to his original work and exceeded two months. However, if the secondment was all the time as sabbatical, in this case he shall not be entitled to any entitlements.

This allowance shall be granted as per the following conditions:

1. The employee shall hold a university degree, equivalent degree, or secondary diploma or equivalent degree in the field of specialization.
2. The employee shall be engaged in engineering, assistant engineering, technical, agricultural or assistant agricultural work at the entity where he works and shall continue to spend this allowance if he obtained a supervisory position.

As long as the employee's annual leave is approved and the employee spent it, any other leave in the same period shall be included in the annual leave. In addition, the recovery of leave balance may occur only if the employee cut the leave and returned to work, in this case, the remaining period of his leave shall be added to his leave balance.

As per clause No. (6,5) of the general provisions stipulated in the performance management scheme, if there is any change on the employee’ status during the year, whether a transfer, secondment or loan; he shall revise his goals. However, if the change is focused on his main goals for reasons related to work, it shall be necessary to reconsider forming and determining his goals accordingly. Therefore, the way of employee’s evaluation whose functional grade or duties are changed after the commencement of the appraisal year, if the period was less than three months from the commencement of the appraisal, the appraisal shall be on the basis of the new job. Furthermore, If the change was three months after the commencement of the appraisal year then his performance shall be based on the previous work and the annual work, taking into account the current work, so that the direct superiors (former and current) participates in the appraisal process of the models proper to the new functional position.as per clause No. (6,5) of the general provisions of the performance management scheme.

The rule is that the employee submits the request for the unpaid special leave including justifications and reasons for the request for leave, and the direct superior, in addition to the Human Resources Department shall verify the eligibility conditions before the approval and getting the approval of the competent authority, i.e. the employee’s leave is closely related to the approval of the employer, and if the employee took the leave without the procedures mentioned, the absence policy shall be applied (deduction from the annual balance and if it is not enough, it shall be unpaid).

The origin is that the leave shall be approved for the employee only after passing the probation period successfully, unless the leave is due according to emergency conditions that are related to health or social conditions. In addition, if the employee was absent during the probation period without an excuse acceptable to the direct superior, this absence shall be without payment, and the probation period shall be extended for a period equal to that of the absence.

They are appointed in accordance with the provisions contained in the Cabinet resolution No. (21) of 1999 concerning the military retirees, such that the military retiree who join the civil service in the Federal Government shall be granted a comprehensive reward on the basis of the beginning of the basic salary for the job vacancy plus (50%) of prescribed housing allowance and he shall not be entitled to get the end of service gratuity at the end of the service period.

As the grade schedules has set a higher ceiling for the end of the functional grade initial rate of compensation of the grade scale, so the periodic increase shall be granted, such that it does not exceed the ceiling for those who have not reached the end of the initial rate of the grade. Therefore, the periodic increase may not be granted to those who reached the end of the initial rate of the grade.

 (Article No.35)

Basic salary is specific amount defined as an employee’s initial rate of compensation prescribed for a grade, and any increases thereof.

Total salary is an employee’s Basic Salary in addition to bonuses and allowance.

Every ministry and Federal entity that seek to select and appoint the most qualified individuals to fill vacancies with commitment to standards of excellence, efficiency, justice and objectivity through all stages of research and selection. The Department of Human Resources in each ministry and Federal entity shall search for the best candidates suitable for vacant positions and in the first place, candidates for the job from inside the ministry or the Federal entity if a qualified candidate is found to fill the vacancy by transfer or promotion from within the ministry or the Federal entity. The Department of Human Resources of the entity communicates with the candidate employee’s department and the requesting department where the vacancy exists. If there is an agreement, the transfer or promotion transactions shall be prepared in accordance with the provisions and procedures prescribed in this regard. 

Every national employee who works for the Government covered by the Pensions and Social Security Law must register. In the Pension Schemes of the General Pension and Social Security Authority. Through the employer where the employee is enrolled. In addition, monthly contributions shall be deducted from the salary of an employee who is member of the Pension Scheme and shall be remitted to the General Pension and Social Security Authority as per the legislation issued in this regard.

The employment offer is the employer’s acceptance in principle to employ a candidate. It is not binding on the employer and its effects shall be only after the consent of both parties and after due process and the commencement of working shall be within two months from the date of signing the employment offer or the date set by the Ministry or the Federal entity.

The employee’s service shall be ended as per law in case of absence, therefore the period of absence from work calculated from the employee’s service period and he shall not be entitled to any salaries. In addition, a quarter shall be deducted from the end of service gratuity in case of referring the employee to the violation committee in case of committing violations and the committee recommended the termination of the employee, besides maintain the right for a pension or end of service gratuity or deprive the employee from it within a quarter.

This increase about independent children, even if they are younger than twenty-four years, shall be stopped. Moreover, as the increase payment shall not be eligible if the dependency condition is not available and vice-versa. In addition, where the son takes care of himself as he takes a financial reward, the children increase shall be stopped for the beneficiary (the father).

In accordance with the provisions of the executive regulation of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government, it is showed that the official medical entities; government hospitals and health centers, the Ministry of health & Prevention and local health authorities (Dubai Health Authority and Department of Health - Abu Dhabi) are approval entities for medical reports issued from private health establishments.

However, regarding the fulfillment of fees related to the Ministry of Health & Prevention about those reports, this matter is financial and is related to the Ministry of Health & Prevention according to their own systems.

Meaning of full-time study: It means that the employer approves full-time study to an employee to complete studying and he shall not return to work unless the study of the curriculum is completed and he obtains the academic qualification assigned for whether inside or outside the country.
Regarding the part time: It is giving permission to the employee to attend lectures related to university or post-graduate studies at specific times. The employee shall be free in these periods and the remaining days he shall be committed to perform his work, and he shall submit the supporting documents

The origin is that the employee shall not be entitled to any kind of leaves during the probation period except in circumstances that hinder performing his work, and therefore the employer may, in accordance with the requirements of the interest of work and taking into account the circumstances of the employee, grant him the casual leaves only. In this case, the probation period shall be extended for the period assigned for this leave. Furthermore, as for annual leave, it shall be granted to an employee only after passing the probation period successfully in order to preserve the public interest.

A resolution of assignment or secondment of an employee to perform duties, responsibilities or terms of reference, whose employee was absent temporarily may be issued without a financial effect, and in this case he shall not be entitled to get any amounts against that period.

As the Ministry of Health & Prevention is the Federal entity concerned with approval of medical reports and therefore any reports issued from any other entity has nothing to prevent their duly approval by the Ministry.

There is nothing that prevents the sending of new employees (within the probation period) in official missions or training courses and programs if they were among the functions of the new employee and were to develop his functional skills and competencies and in the light of work interest.

If the change occurred after three months from the commencement of the appraisal year, then the performance is assessed according to the past and current work, such that the line managers (former and current) participate in his annual appraisal process. Accordingly, the former and current line managers shall be involved in the process of the employee’s final appraisal.

The origin is that the employee shall continue working during the notice period, however the competent authority may terminate the employee during the notice period, and he shall be paid the total salary for that period or the remaining portion

The required charges for finalizing the issuance of residence (medical examination/charges of the General Directorate of Residency and Foreigners Affairs) at the beginning of the contract and the renewal for the employee without his family according to applicable regulations in this regard.

Delegation in official missions inside or outside the country shall be under a resolution of the authority prescribed by the schedule of powers and responsibilities. In addition, the entity Chairman may delegate non-government employees on official missions outside the country or combine them with official delegations. The delegated employee is treated according to the class specified by the delegation resolution, such that the resolution shall determine the entity that will bear the expenses. Furthermore, the delegation resolution shall include the nature and objectives of the mission, the delegated employee, the destination entity and the delegation period.

The Chairman of the Federal entity or his representative may grant the national employee an exceptional leave for one month to accompany any of his close or second degree relatives outside the country upon the recommendation of an official medical entity, and it shall be calculated according to the following:
1-    The first 15 days with a full-paid salary
2-    The following 15 days shall be deducted from the employee’s annual leave balance if there is a balance, and if not, it shall be considered without payment and may be extended for another period without payment for a month at most upon a medical report on the status and it shall be approved by the embassy of the country.
3-    The Chairman of the Federal entity or his representative, and as an exception the periods mentioned in clauses (1 and 2) of this Article, may approve to grant the national employee an exceptional leave to accompany a patient of his close or second degree relatives for treatment outside the country, under a recommendation of a medical entity for a maximum of two months, and it may be extended for similar periods, if the status of the patient is categorized within the medical conditions determined by the Ministry of Health & Prevention in coordination with the entity. In addition, the leave, in that case, shall be fully paid.

The mechanism of employees to seek permission during the working hours is referred to the employer and the line manager in light of the needs and interests of the work, as it is an organizational aspect of the work entity and the conviction of the cause to leave the workplace for personal reasons and it shall be within the limits allowed.

Federal authorities are committed to apply the provisions of Article (19) of the Human Resources Law in the Federal Government to determine the probation period of the employee for a period of 6 months extendable for three months.

In accordance with Article (51) of human resources in the Federal Government:

The approval of sick leave granted by a competent medical entity shall be according to the mechanisms stipulated by law as outlined below:

Under a certified medical report issued from an official medical entity for 5 continuous working days at a time and for 15 working days per year at most. If the sick period exceeds that period, the sick leave shall be issued under a medical report issued by the medical committee. Furthermore, the first fifteen days shall be fully paid and any additional period shall be deducted from the annual leave balance, in case there is a balance, and if not, it shall be without payment. For the diseases that hinder the employee from practicing functional works for periods determined by the medical committee, with a total salary, it shall be excluded from the above.

The month shall be calculated as 30 calendar days, so the accompany leave shall be granted according to the calendar days, not working days.

The delegation period “outside the country” shall be determined according to the period and the nature of the official mission, in addition to the back and forth travel period, provided that the period shall not exceed a day before and a day after the mission.

For delegation "inside the country”, the period shall be determined according to the actual days of the official mission.